Baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) is a tree widely grown throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Its exceptionally nutritious fruit has the potential to play an important role in family nutrition and food security in marginalized rural communities. In addition, baobab products have a growing market in Europe and the US, which offers income opportunities for baobab producers in Africa. Little is known about baobab trees, baobab products and markets in East Africa, particularly in Kenya and Sudan which gave reason to form the project BAOFRUIT. During stakeholder workshops and field visits in Germany and Kenya the available information was exchanged and knowledge gaps were identified. The project consortium includes research institutions and private companies from Kenya, Sudan, Malawi, UK and Germany. The results of the workshops include the urgent need to investigate the current contribution of baobab products to local diets, food security, income generation and the active promotion of baobab fruit as a beneficial foodstuff. Furthermore, the ecology, distribution and abundance of baobab and possible future changes need to be assessed.