The cultivation of edible fruit trees stands out as a highly beneficial enterprise for both individual farmers and communities in East Africa, offering dual value for household consumption and market sale. The extent to which fruits are consumed or sold varies depending on species characteristics, household context, market forces, and weather conditions. Often, decisions around their use are opportunistic. Despite the potential, most fruit tree value chains remain under-developed due to limited knowledge on horticultural, nutritional, and market aspects. This book addresses these gaps by offering a comprehensive resource aimed at enhancing the quality, diversity, and scale of fruit tree cultivation in Kenya and East Africa more broadly. Beyond livelihood and nutrition benefits, the book emphasizes the ecological value of fruit trees, highlighting their role in farm biodiversity and landscape health. A notable conceptual contribution is the idea of “fruit tree portfolios”—an approach assessing which fruits offer calorific and nutritional benefits throughout the year, particularly regarding vitamins and critical micronutrients like iron, iodine, and zinc. The inclusion of 49 species—indigenous, naturalized, and exotic—distinguishes this work from earlier volumes that focused narrowly. While global databases track only a few of these species, the rest remain underrepresented despite their value. The use of over 200 references, including grey literature, along with Wikimedia distribution maps for each species, strengthens the book’s practical relevance. This foundational work lays the groundwork for future studies in economics and market differentiation, and presents a rich, diverse “fruit tree knowledge salad” for readers to explore and enjoy.